Mount Vesuvius erupting. Different eruptions from different years. Imagery in the collections of the Bibliothèque nationale de France, online at Gallica bnf.

Vue du Cratère et de l’Irruption du Vésuve en l’année 1768. 1801-1803. French. Francesco Fidanza, artist (1747-1819). Piranesi frères, :Paris, engravers. Collections of the Bibliothèque nationale de France/Gallica BnF. In the public domain due to age. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b6500271n?rk=21459;2
Cenere del 1847: (vue générale de la baie de Naples et du Vésuve en éruption). ca. 1847. Italian. Artist not known. Gouache on paper. Collections of the Bibliothèque nationale de France/Gallica BnF. In the public domain due to age. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10315690h?rk=1351938;0
Eruzione del 1839: (vue nocturne du Vésuve en éruption). ca. 1839-1880. Italian. Gouache. Artist not known. Gouache on paper. Collections of the Bibliothèque nationale de France/Gallica BnF. In the public domain due to age. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10315723b?rk=1373397;2
Eruzione del 1812: (vue générale nocturne de la baie de Naples et Vésuve en éruption au premier plan). 1812-1880. Italian. Artist not known. Gouache on paper. Collections of the Bibliothèque nationale de France/Gallica BnF. In the public domain due to age. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b103156949?rk=1394856;4
Torre del Greco distrutta nel 1794: (vue du site et du Vésuve en éruption). 1800-1880. Italian. Artist not known. Gouache on paper. Collections of the Bibliothèque nationale de France/Gallica BnF. In the public domain due to age. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b10315693v?rk=1587990;4
Cratere del 1839: (vue du Vésuve en éruption). 1839-1880. Italian. Artist not known. Gouache on paper. Collections of the Bibliothèque nationale de France/Gallica BnF. In the public domain due to age. https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b103156966?rk=1609450;0
Le Mont Vésuve. View 70, Les Phénomènes et les curiosités de la nature. 1856. E. Lemaître, lithographer, Strasbourg. Text by Jean-Baptiste Munerelle. Published in Strasbourg. Collections of the Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire de Strasbourg. via the Bibliothèque nationale de France Gallica BnF. Artwork in the public domain due to age. via https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9127380v/f70.item

Visions of eruptions of Mount Vesuvius. Illustrations by Peter Fabris for William Hamilton’s “Campi Phlegraei” which came out between 1776 and 1779.

Lava emerging from Mount Vesuvius at night and running towards Resina. 11 May 1771. 1776. Colored etching by Pietro Fabris after a drawing made by him in 1771. Collections of the Wellcome Library, London. Images@wellcome.ac.uk http://wellcomeimages.org. Cc0 License 4.0. via https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/campi-phlegraei

Mount Vesuvius emitting a column of smoke after its eruption on 8 August 1779. ca. 1779. Colored etching by Pietro Fabris after a drawing made by him. Collections of the Wellcome Library, Images@wellcome.ac.uk . London. Cc0 License 4.0. via https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/campi-phlegraei

The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in the night of 8 August 1779. ca. 1779. Colored etching by Pietro Fabris after a drawing made by him. Collections of the Wellcome Library, Images@wellcome.ac.uk . London. Cc0 License 4.0. via https://publicdomainreview.org/collection/campi-phlegraei
Mount Vesuvius erupting at night with elegant figures looking on. Undated, by 1792. Attributed to Pietro Fabris (ca. 1740-1792). Image © Bonhams 2001-2023. Fair use license. Artwork itself in the public domain due to age. https://www.bonhams.com/auction/28749/lot/611/attributed-to-pietro-fabris-italian-circa-1740-1792-mount-vesuvius-erupting-at-night-with-elegant-figures-looking-on/

Envoy Extraordinary to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, William Hamilton (1730–1803) William Hamilton (1730-1803) was a British diplomat who served as Envoy Extraordinary to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies whose capital was Naples. Present for the eruptions of Mount Vesuvius during the mid-to-late eighteenth century, Hamilton wrote Campi Phlegraei in two parts, with a tertiary supplement, based on his 1772 Observations on Mount Vesuvius for the Royal Society. Published in French and English, he hired local artist Pietro Fabris to illustrate it. These images are colored etchings after gouaches by Fabris. They are taken from a recent post from publicdomainreview.org with the etchings being part of the Wellcome Collection.

Please note that the last one is an oil on canvas that has turned up in a Bonhams Auction and is a later update.

Mount Vesuvius in full eruption and other mountains seen from the sea. Paintings by Italian artist Gioacchino La Pira who was active from 1839 to 1875.

Eruizone. 1839-1875. Italian. Oil on canvas. Signed on the bottom right. Image © 2022 Catawki. Fair use license. via https://www.catawiki.com/en/l/27496011-gioacchino-la-pira-eruzione
Notturno sul Golfo di Pozzuoli. 19th c, Italian. Signed Gioacchino La Pira, artist. Signed on the bottom right. Image source; Facebook. In the public domain in the United States because the artist died over 100 years ago. via https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gioacchino_La_Pira_-_Golfo_di_Pozzuoli,_notturno.jpg
Marina di Sorrento. 19th c. Italian. Oil on canvas. Signed on the bottom right. Image © 2022 Catawki. Fair use license. via https://www.catawiki.com/en/l/29647773-gioacchino-la-pira-1839-1870-marina-di-sorrento
Vesuvius Erupting at Night. 1868. Italian. Gouache. Signed and dated 1868 on the lower right. Image © 2020 Sworders. Fair use license,. via https://www.sworder.co.uk/auction/lot/325-gioacchino-la-pira-italian/?lot=185210&sd=1#

Volcano art, painted by Austrian landscape artist Michael Wutsky who painted in the Rococo style. Living from 1739 to 1822/1823, spent six years in Italy much of it spent in Naples painting Mount Vesuvius.

Versuv-Ausbruch.” ca. 1780s. Austrian. Oil on canvas. Collections of the Kunstmuseum Basel. In the public domain in the United States because the artist died over 100 years ago. via https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wutky_Vesuv-Ausbruch.jpg
A view of Vesuvius erupting with Sir William Hamilton observing from afar with his crew, the painter on the right. Undated, probably 1780s. Austrian. Oil on canvas. Image © Christie’s 2021. Fair use license. via https://www.christies.com/en/lot/lot-6117620
“Der Ausbruch des Vesuv über den Golf von Neapel gesehen.” ca. 1780s. Austrian. Oil on canvas. Collections of the Albertina, Vienna. Image source:  WikiWriter123. In the public domain in the United States because the artist died over 100 years ago. via https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Der_Ausbruch_des_Vesuv_%C3%BCber_den_Golf_von_Neapel_gesehen,_%C3%96l_auf_Leinwand.jpg
“Lava Flow on Vesuvius.” 1780s. Austrian. Image source Twitter. Artwork in the public domain in the United States because the artist died over 100 years ago. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Wutky-Vesuvius_lava.jpg

Volcano art, all of these of Mount Vesuvius in mid eruption. One with a bit of Pompeii. English. Sebastian Pether, painter. Living from 1790 to 1844, he painted landscapes. Had a son who was a mosaic artist.

“The Bay of Naples.” 1823. English. Oil on canvas. Signed and dated “S. Pether 1823” on the lower right. Image © 2021 Sotheby’s. Fair use license. via https://www.sothebys.com/en/buy/auction/2021/master-paintings-part-ii/the-bay-of-naples
“The Eruption of Vesuvius.” 1825. Collections of the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art. Artwork in the public domain due to age. via https://www.getdailyart.com/22491/sebastian-pether/the-eruption-of-vesuvius
“Eruption of Vesuvius with Destruction of a Roman City.” 1824. Oil on canvas. Collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Image © 2021 KCRW. Fair use license. via https://www.kcrw.com/culture/shows/art-talk/la-art-scene-on-fire-opening-of-the-new-season

Mount Vesuvius erupting but not today. Paintings filled with flaming excitement but guaranteed not to spill lava on the carpet. Various artists.

"The Eruption of Vesuvius, 1794." ca. late 18th century.
“The Eruption of Vesuvius, 1794.” ca. late 18th century. Artist not known. Collection of the Austrian National Library. Cc0 License 1.0. via https://www.europeana.eu/portal/en/record/92070/BibliographicResource_1000126220870.html
"Eruption of Mount Vesuvius." 1762.
“Eruption of Mount Vesuvius.” 1762. French. Charles Francois Lacroix de Marseilles, artist (1700-1779 or 1782). In the public domain. via https://volcanocafe.wordpress.com/2014/12/06/deadly-allure-mount-vesuvius-in-paintings/
"The Eruption of Mount Vesuvius." 1777.
“The Eruption of Mount Vesuvius.” 1777. French. Pierre-Jacques Volaire, artist (1729 – 1790’s). Image © 1999–2019 North Carolina Museum of Art Foundation, Inc., Raleigh. Fair use license. via https://ncartmuseum.org/art/detail/the_eruption_of_mt._vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius erupting in 1812 as seen from the Ponte dell Maddalena. (detail).
Mount Vesuvius erupting in 1812 as seen from the Ponte dell Maddalena. (detail). ca. 1820. Gouache. Artist not known. In the public domain in the United States because the artist died over 70 years ago. via https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Painting_of_Mount_Vesuvius_erupting_in_1812_as_seen_from_the_Ponte_dell_Maddalena_(c_1820,_detail).jpg
Mount Vesuvius erupting at night with figures looking on. Early 19th c. Gouache on paper. Neapolitan School. Image © Bonhams 2001-2023. Fair use license. via https://www.bonhams.com/auction/28749/lot/642/neapolitan-school-early-19th-century-mount-vesuvius-erupting-at-night-with-figures-looking-on/

Destruction de la ‘Torre del Greco’ lors de l’éruption du Vésuve en 1794. Undated. Gouache. Neapolitan school of the 19th century. Titled and dated TORRE DISTRUTTA NEL 1794 at the bottom center. Image © Christie’s 2024. Fair use license. Artwork itself in the public domain due to age. https://onlineonly.christies.com/s/maitres-anciens-peintures-dessins-sculptures-online/ecole-napolitaine-du-xixe-siecle-129/237241?ldp_breadcrumb=back

Portraits of Mount Vesuvius but not recently. Franz Ludwig Catel, painter (1778-1856). Born in Germany he mostly worked in Rome. One view he liked so much he painted it twice.

"The Bay of Naples with Vesuvius and Castel dell'Ovo." ca. 1818-1820.
“The Bay of Naples with Vesuvius and Castel dell’Ovo.” ca. 1818-1820. Oil on paper, laid down on cardboard. Collection of the Thaw Collection, Jointly Owned by The Metropolitan Museum of Art and The Morgan Library & Museum, New York. Image © 2000–2019 The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Fair use license.via https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/439354

"The Gulf of Naples with Vesuvius." ca. 1820.
“The Gulf of Naples with Vesuvius.” ca. 1820. Collection of the Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen. Cc0 License 0. https://www.europeana.eu/portal/en/record/2020903/KMS1088.html

"View of Naples with Castel dell'Ovo and Mount Vesuvius seen from the Salita di San' Antonio." 1819.
“View of Naples with Castel dell’Ovo and Mount Vesuvius seen from the Salita di San’ Antonio.” 1819. Oil on canvas. Collection of the National Trust, Ickworth. Image © Art UK. Fair use license. via https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/view-of-naples-with-castel-dellovo-and-mount-vesuvius-seen-from-the-salita-di-san-antonio-171857